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N0. 6|8,|56. Patented .Ian. 24, .1899. E. WINANS.

POWER TRANSMITTING MACHINERY [Application filed Feb. 10, 1898.) (Modem 3Sheets-$heet l.

Wmlzssaw WLZZDGn-rv WA g W? mmq (HodeL) Patented Ian. 24, I899. E.WINANS.

POWER TRANSMITTING MACHINERY.

(Application filed Feb. 10, 1898.)

3 Sheets-Sheet 2v.

WITNESSIESw m: M011 No. 6l8,l56. Patented Ian. 24, I899. E. WINANS.

POWER TRANSMITTING MACHINERY.

(Application filed Feb. 10. 1898.) (IlodeL) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

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UNTTED STATES PATENT OEEicE.

EDlVIN lVINANS, OF NElV YORK, N. Y.

POWER-TRANSMITTING MACHINERY.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 618,156, dated January24, 1899.

Application filed February 10, 1898. Serial No. 669,742. (ModeL) To [6whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, EDWIN WINANS, a citizen of the United States,residing in the city, county, and State of New York, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in PowerTransmitting Machinery, ofwhich the following is a specification, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings.

My invention relates to and has for its object the improvement ofmachinery by and through which power or force is transmitted from theplace of development to that of its applied usefulness. It is applicableto all swing and crank motions, especially to all of the treadleclassnamely, the bicycle,the sewing-machine, the lathe, the jig-saw, andsimilar apparatus. It is applicable to the transmission of the higherpowers and forces of the steam and pressure class,especially where evenand steady crank revolutions are desired, accompanied by a prompt andreliable passing of crank-centers at extreme throw. It is applicable tocoupled engines, having necessarily their cranks at opposite strokes,likewise to duplex pump and cylinder practice, as also to twin-screwmarine practice, where a single central engine or motor reaching inopposite directions may operate both screws without the aid of gearing.It is likewise applicable to high duty in bicycle practice, theessential features of which are presented in the specification anddrawings.

A general aim and object of my invention is to ease the labor and motionof an operator in treadling by providing a full, free, and unhinderedup-and-down swing and sway to the whole leg and foot while at work.

A particular aim and object is to overcome the well-known centering incrank practice at extreme throw, as well as the tendency of the cranksunder such circumstances to revolve or move in either direction-to goahead or to back.

Certain of my improvements consist in the adaptation, combination, andlocation of an assistant or auxiliary crank with a first or power andforce receiving shaft to assist and act with it in the passing ofcenters.

Other improvements consist in the adaptation, location, and combination,with a twocrank shaft, of a third or auxiliary crank securely attachedto either crank-pin of the two cranks to assist and act with them inpassing centers.

Other improvements consist in the adaptation and combination of anassistant or auxiliary crank with a power-shaft whereby the severalcranks are brought to an angle with each other and not at oppositecenters, doing away with the troublesome centeringin crank practice atextreme throw.

Other improvements consist in the combination of a power or forcereceiving lever, a connecting crank-shaft and pin, and a plurality offulcrum guide-rollers, some one of which is perfectly grooved to receiveand control the said power or force receiving lever in such manner thatthe applied force is increased at advantageous points with an increaseof shaft-operating leverage.

My improvements also consist in the construction, arrangement, andcombination of the several parts, portions, and details, as hereinaftershown and described.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents an elevationof powertransmitting cranks, connections, bearings, 820., embodying myimprovements. Figs. 2 and 3 represent plan and side elevation of thesame. Fig. 4 represents a partial elevation of a bicycle embodying myimprovements. Figs. 5, 6, and 7 represent views of special detailshereinafter described. Figs. 8 and 9 are diagrams illustrating thegeneral relationship of the details of operation independent of positionfor service. 7

In the several figures of the drawings the letter A designates a poweror force receiving lever, such power or force being applied at pin Bthrough the use of a treadle, connecting-rod, piston-rod, or like poweror force connections.

Letter 0 designates an extension or guideroller portion of the lever A.

Letter D designates a plurality of fulcrum guide-rollers, whereby thelever A is kept under control and an extended leverage force madeavailable. The fulcrum guide-rollers D are held within a frame, bracket,or lug E, applied, located, or fixed in suitable position to permit theextension portion 0 of power-receiving lever A a reciprocating motionthere in or therethrough. Eitherone or all of these rollers may begrooved, as desired, upon its periphery, such grooving being preferredto secure the force-receiving lever A and its extension portion 0against all side or lateral movement.

The centers of any one or all of the rollers D may be fixed, as shown inFigs. 1, 2, and 3, or the center of either may swing on the center ofanother, as shown in Fig. 6, or, again, the rollers as a whole may swingupon an indvidual center apart from those of the rollers themselves, asillustrated in Fig. 7, any and all of the arrangements being readilysuitable to a successful control and guidance of the lever A through itsextension portion 0. As specially illustrated in Fig. 5, the extensionportions 0 may be carried in an opposite direction to that shown inFigs. 1 and 2. Greater compactness is, however, obtained by locating asoriginally shown.

Letter F designates a shaft to which are secured cranks G and H, andletter I designates an auxiliary or assisting crank secured to one ofthe cranks H on pin H at an angle, as shown. This auxiliary crank I maybe attached to crank G instead of crank H, after the same manner.

In general shaft practice, where cranks are used for shaft revolution,there are, as is well known, periods in such revolution when the crankof necessity is in direct line with the center of pitman or connectionmoving it. Under such circumstances no amount of pressure brought tobear through such pitman will cause a revolution of crank and shaft. Thecrank has to be forced from the rightline position by outside pressureto a position at which the pitman or connection can act. To obviate thiswell-recognized trouble, Iinsert the auxiliary crank I, attaching it, asshown, to the pin H of crank H, so that pin 1 of the crank I is aboutopposite to the pin G of crank G, while pin H is about midway betweenthe two. The three positions of the crank-pins are governed by therelative positions of the two shafts F and M. For ordinary treadleservice the positions of the cranks and connecting-pitmen are preferablylaid as shown in Fig. 1. For power-service the positions may vary tosuit cylinder and operating details.

Letters K and L designate side rods or connections transmitting themotion or revolution of shaft F to the power-delivery shaft M throughcranks O and N. Special attention is called to the connections K and Ltaking hold of the cranks H and G at their crankpins H and G, while theoperating treadlelevers A take hold of crank-pin G and of crank-pin I ofthe auxiliary crank I, and that such variation in the taking holdefiects a complete change in the positions of the several cranks.Instead of being opposite to each other, or at one hundred and eighty degrees, they are at about ninety degrees, or at right angles. Auxiliarycrank I is permamently and rigidly attached to crank-pin II after ageneral adjustment of all the parts for ready operation.

In Fig. 1 the preferred positions of shaftcenters F and M are shown, inwhich bearing M is shown at a higher elevation than hearing F. If thecenter of bearing M be swung about the center F until center M is on alevel with center F, the three crank-pin centers G, H, and I would be atright angles on lines drawn through the shaft-center F and a line drawnthrough crank I or between pin-centers I and H would be at an angle offortyfive degrees to a line between bearing-centers F'and M.

Letter P designates a power-transmitting pulley, gear-wheel, orequivalent means for further transmission, more particularly speed ofrevolution.

R designates a series of bearing-supports for the shafts in theirseveral positions.

Figs. 8 and 9 are diagrams showing the relative positions of the severalparts and details preferable and best suited to easy operation. Fig. 8shows the auxiliary crank at its lowest throw, while Fig. 9 shows it atits highest. \Vhen the lever A and its continuation 0 forms a line withand an extended continuation of crank I or of crank G, it is workingunder the best conditions of leverage. \Vhen it buckles over and doublesup the same form, with all spokes omit-ted, the connections at off sideof wheel being dotted for purposes of distinction. Auxiliary crank I isshown at the same side of the apparatus as in the other figures, whileletter F designates a speedgearing boxing.

S designates the supporting framework suitable to bicycle practice, andoperatingtreadles are shown at B.

In the operation of the device as a motor power or force is applied tolevers A at pins B and transmitted through the auxiliary crank I tocrank 11, also through crank G to shaft F. As one treadle moves down theother moves up and power is transmitted through shaft F and connectionsK and L to cranks N and O on shaft M.

In Fig. 4 the power is taken up directly by the bicycleits axle andwheel-or it is transmitted through a chain of gears or sprocketsproviding for increased revolution.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In combination with a power-shaft and a crank of said shaft, anauxiliary crank permanently and rigidly attached to said shaft,substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

2. In combination with a power-shaft and associate cranks at an angle toeach other, an auxiliary crank permanently and rigidly attached to thepin and at an angle with one of said cranks, substantially as and forthe purposes set forth.

3. In combination with a two-crank powershaft, an auxiliary crankextending from and rigidly attached to the pin of one of said cranks,extended power-receiving levers connected with said auxiliary crank andwith one of said shaft-cranks and a pair of fulcrum guide-rollers as andfor the purposes set forth.

4:. In combination with a power-shaft and associate cranks at an angleto each other, an auxiliary crank permanently and rigidly attached tothe pin and at an angle to one of said cranks, a pair of power-receivinglevers, a pair of fulcrum guide-rollers, a second power crank-shaft andpitmen or side rods connecting the cranks of the two said power-shaftsas and for the purposes set forth.

5. In combination with a power-shaft, a crank on said shaft, an extendedpower-receiving lever connected with said crank, a pair of fixed fulcrumguide-rollers between which said lever extends, and a self-adj ustingsupport for said guide-rollers, as and for the purposes set forth.

0. In combination with the framework of a bicycle or desired motor apower-shaft and associate cranks at an angle to each other, an auxiliarycrank rigidly attached to the pin and at angle with one of said cranks,a second power-shaft and associate cranks, side rods connecting thecranks of both shafts, a pair of extended power-receiving levers, and apair of fixed fulcrum guide-rollers, as and for the purposes set forth.

'7. In combination with a gear-wheel, pulley or sprocket-wheel of apower-transmitting device, a two-crank power-transmitting shaft to whichsaid gear-Wheel, pulley or sprocket- Wheel is attached, side rodsattached to and operating said cranks, a two-crank powershaft operatingsaid side rods, an auxiliary crank extending from the crank-pin of oneof said cranks, and a pair of extended powerreceiving levers operatingsaid cranks as and for the purposes set forth.

EDWIN \VINANS.

